政策制定者和塑料管理系统

政策制定者和塑料管理系统

Policymakers across the world have a vital role to play in the transition towards a plastics system that works.

我们的生产，使用和再利用塑料的方式有根本的转变，这是全球势头的势头。这种材料及其应用（如包装）是全球经济不可或缺的一部分，并带来了许多好处。另一方面，塑料包装的低成本和缺乏足够的回收需要带来重大的经济和环境缺陷。这种日益增长的认可是触发各种利益相关者的行动，包括政策制定者

The policymakers are uniquely positioned to put in place enabling conditions that allow the whole supply chain to transition towards a future-proof plastics economy. It's a bit of an oversimplification, but there's something of a stalemate in the industry. Designers and manufacturers often wish recyclers had the technology and capacity to handle their latest plastic products. From the recyclers' perspective, simplifying packaging types and materials could make their job a whole lot easier.

Policymakers can play an important role for these upstream and downstream developments to happen in parallel. There are many ways that they can do this, as explored in the latest New Plastics Economy report.

根据麦肯锡公司的分析支持，根据世界经济论坛和艾伦·麦克阿瑟基金会的报告，将循环经济原则应用于全球塑料包装流可以改变塑料经济，并大大减少负面外部性，例如泄漏到海洋中。

Understanding this myriad of policy measures to support a system change, policymakers can crucially break this current deadlock which prevents individual companies from shifting the entire plastics packaging value chain on their own. Many of these measures have been already been implemented in some place, or are being explored

One concrete example is Extended Producer Responsibility, or EPR, schemes. These systems allow policymakers to connect upstream packaging design with downstream recycling of plastics. EPR is a policy approach in which a producer's responsibility for a product covers the entire product life cycle, from design to the post-consumer phase. For plastic packaging, often this principle is translated into an EPR scheme through which the producers are paying for the amount of (plastic) packaging they put on the market, which funds other organisations taking care of after-use collection and sorting work.

Also, when it uses modulated fees differentiating between packages, it can incentivise good design, improving the quality and economics of recycling. Implemented well, EPR schemes can have large impact:

OECD研究表明，例如，EPR计划在4年内在日本的集装箱和包装废物的回收率提高了27％。这样的计划本身并没有发生，并且旨在支持行业的复杂政策，同时消除废物需要桌上各方的时间和精力。

解决了循环塑料系统问题的多种方法，每个利益相关者都需要发挥其作用。EPR等良好的对话驱动方法可以支持整个价值链的创新。禁令可以为某些应用提供更直接的结果，但要给消费者带来便利的成本和便利性。政策制定者应在极端情况下使用禁令，而是鼓励或通过法律计划更好地进行可回收性，以支持向有效的塑料系统转变。