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Eco-friendly Plastic from Potatoes

Eco-friendly Plastic from Potatoes

A 24 year old student has developed an eco-friendly plastic from the potatoes- 快餐行业中使用的一次性餐桌和稻草的理想替代品。24岁的学生Pontus Norquist将这种环保塑料与几个月后分解的环保塑料和土豆壳进行了分解。为此,他用水加热了土豆果壳。在每个阶段,可溶性变厚,然后将其放在模板中以制作汤匙和其他物品。这是一种热塑性,使其在高温下很难但在低温下柔软。袋子,餐具和稻草也可以制成,因为土豆是为特殊食品行业的塑料准备的。
All bioplastics begin with a plant’s naturally-occurring sugars or starches, and sugar cane or corn starches are often the preferred feedstocks. But potatoes, which can contain from 13% to as much as 23% dry matter (starch) depending on their water content, may be ideal for some plastics. “Potatoes are starch factories,” according to Dr. Qiang Liu, who headed the bioplastics research team of the BioPotato Network, funded by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada’s Agricultural Bioproducts Innovation Program. More than 30 food scientists, molecular biologists and plant production specialists across Canada investigated possible functional food-ingredient and non-food applications in an effort to find new, more profitable crops for Canada’s potato farmers, whose crop was valued at nearly US$1.13 billion in 2009.
发酵,热,化学操纵甚至微生物用于将糖或淀粉原料转变为构建块 - 甲基酸性酸,羟基甲基毛状曲面或聚-3-羟基丁酸,作为我们称为更复杂和多样化的化学物质的基础,我们称为“塑料。”Oncersetplastics固化,它们的聚合物链形成纠结的键,在不破坏塑料的情况下无法撤消,并且它们具有坚硬且耐温。相比之下,热塑料被模制,融化,然后再次模制。从淀粉发酵成乳酸,然后聚合,具有类似于聚乙烯和聚丙烯的特性,从淀粉发酵中获得透明丙酸(PLA)。它可以使用已经用于石油的塑料的设备进行处理,用于广泛的产品,包括计算机套管,食品和其他包装,甚至是可生物降解的医疗植入物。 Thermoplastic starch(TPS), currently the most widely used bioplastic, can be derived from potatoes or from corn. Plastarch Material (PSM) is a biodegradable, thermoplastic resin, composed of starch modified to give it heat-resistant properties and combined with other biodegradable materials to improve flexiblity or give it other characteristics, and is used for food packaging and utensils, plastic bags, temporary construction tubing and stakes, foams, films, window insulation, and planters, and some are biodegradable in compost, wet soil, and water, and by some microorganisms. Scientists are now experimenting with microbes that can convert natural sugars and oils into biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) materials.
人们确实会混淆生物降解性和生物塑料。并非所有基于生物的产品都是可生物降解的,并且并非所有可生物降解的产品都是基于生物的。”需要高温才能打破大多数生物塑料(例如PLA降低),通常在保持40°C至65°C之间的商业设施中无论最终产品是否可生物降解,都会使环境受益。与一吨基于石油的塑料相比,1吨生物塑料的产生产生的二氧化碳二氧化碳少于0.8至3.2之间。因此,生物塑料的开发将有助于控制甚至减少二氧化碳,“有助于满足京都协议设定的全球二氧化碳标准,并提供改善的环境概况。”
The BioPotato Network’s research goals included manipulating potato starch to produce bioplastics with stronger mechanical properties and greater water resistance and to make them easier to work with. “In some cases, it is easier to modify potato starch than corn starch,” Liu observes, and he and his team were able to make some significant discoveries. “We successfully developed various novel starch-based bioplastic products,” he says, including TPS with fibre from potato and pea, TPF using potato pulps derived from different potato varieties, TPS with PLA and nanofiller, and TPS combined with a common mineral nanoclay. “A significant outcome was finding a paraffin wax that maintains biodegradability while reducing moisture sensitivity compared to PLA as an additive.” The scientists wanted to focus next on starch-based foam to replace current non-bio-based foam. “Unfortunately, the program ended in March 2011,” says Liu, but he hopes the government will consider renewing it.
来源Courtsey Krishijagran.com
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