一支国际团队揭露了不起眼的缝纫线和钓鱼线的隐藏超级大国。将尼龙和聚乙烯扭曲成线圈,制作人造肌肉,比相同长度和重量的人类肌肉重100倍以上。得克萨斯大学达拉斯分校的雷·鲍曼(Ray Baughman)说,他们可以在许多用途中取代许多用途,尤其是机器人技术,并启用新技术,例如智能服装。他也很兴奋的是,这些线的使用费用仅为5美元/千克。他告诉化学世界。 SRI已获得一种薄而灵活的智能材料,称为“人造肌肉”,因为它的行为就像人类的肌肉。人造肌肉可从SRI获得各种应用领域的许可,使用了一种称为电活性聚合物的突破性技术。当电流暴露于电流时,该材料会在卸下电流时膨胀,并将电势能量转换为机械运动。人造肌肉有可能从根本上转移许多类型的工业,医疗,消费者,汽车和航空航天产品的方式。它比典型的基于电磁的技术具有显着优势,因为它更轻,更小,更安静,更便宜。它还提供了更可控制和灵活的配置。人造肌肉可实现多种应用,包括触觉显示,以改善人类计算机的互动,自适应光学器件,平坦的保形扬声器以及可能具有可植入的活性医学假肢。该技术还证明了对各种执行器和电力发电应用的希望。由于其固有的肌肉样特征,SRI的人造肌肉可以使机器人模仿人类的敏捷性和流动性。它提供的性能特征类似于天然肌肉的特征,例如高应变,高峰值功率和高依从性。 In addition to acting as a muscle-like actuator, artificial muscle can operate in reverse and generate power from being stretched and contracted. Compared to many other smart material technologies, the polymer materials used in artificial muscle are relatively inexpensive. Their high compliance allows artificial muscle to easily interface with human or other environmental sources of motion. Combined with its high energy output, these features make it attractive for a variety of energy harvesting applications, such as capturing the energy of ocean waves. In 2008, SRI first demonstrated a wave-powered generator that converts energy from ocean waves to electrical energy. In 2005, SRI spun off Artificial Muscle Inc. (AMI), to further develop the technology and introduce products based on EPAM. In 2010, AMI became a subsidiary of Bayer MaterialScience LLC. |
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